Fabrication of Antibacterial Collagen-Based Composite Wound Dressing

Collagen is a favorable candidate in the field of biomaterials as a wound dressing. However, it cannot be ignored that the application of collagen is limited to its poor physicochemical and perishable properties. It is significant to endow collagen with antibacterial activity and simultaneously improve its physicochemical properties. Here, we present a simple method to fabricate antibacterial collagen-based wound dressing with appropriate physicochemical properties. First, dialdehyde xanthan gum (DXG) was used as an environmentally friendly reducing agent and stabilizer to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Then, collagen/DXG-AgNP composite dressings were fabricated by directly immersing a collagen sponge in the obtained DXG-AgNP aqueous solutions. Our results showed that the spherical AgNPs with diameters of 12–35 nm were successfully synthesized. The presence of DXG effectively prevented aggregation and precipitation of AgNPs in aqueous solution. By the simple one-step solution-immersion approach, AgNPs were homogeneously introduced into the collagen matrix and collagen was simultaneously cross-linked by the existent DXG. Robust antibacterial activity was endowed to collagen as expected while the physicochemical properties of collagen were effectively improved. It is interesting that collagen/DXG-AgNP composite dressings possessed the properties of shape memory, good blood compatibility, and cytocompatibility. In addition, collagen/DXG-AgNP composite dressings could accelerate the deposition of collagen and thereby effectively promote full-thickness burn healing without scar formation.