Efficient Visible-Light Photocatalysis and Antibacterial Activity of TiO2-Fe3C-Fe-Fe3O4/Graphitic Carbon Composites Fabricated by Catalytic Graphitization of Sucrose Using Natural Ilmenite

光催化 X射线光电子能谱 材料科学 拉曼光谱 石墨氮化碳 扫描电子显微镜 可见光谱 碳纤维 吸附 漫反射红外傅里叶变换 纳米颗粒 催化作用 光谱学 核化学 分析化学(期刊) 化学工程 复合材料 纳米技术 复合数 化学 有机化学 工程类 物理 光学 光电子学 量子力学
作者
Charitha Thambiliyagodage,Leshan Usgodaarachchi,Madara Jayanetti,Chamika Liyanaarachchi,Murthi S. Kandanapitiye,Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
出处
期刊:ACS omega [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:7 (29): 25403-25421 被引量:28
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsomega.2c02336
摘要

Dyes in wastewater are a serious problem that needs to be resolved. Adsorption coupled photocatalysis is an innovative technique used to remove dyes from contaminated water. Novel composites of TiO2-Fe3C-Fe-Fe3O4 dispersed on graphitic carbon were fabricated using natural ilmenite sand as the source of iron and titanium, and sucrose as the carbon source, which were available at no cost. Synthesized composites were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy (DRS). Arrangement of nanoribbons of graphitic carbon with respect to the nanomaterials was observed in TEM images, revealing the occurrence of catalytic graphitization. Variations in the intensity ratio (I D/I G), L a and L D, calculated from data obtained from Raman spectroscopy suggested that the level of graphitization increased with an increased loading of the catalysts. SEM images show the immobilization of nanoplate microballs and nanoparticles on the graphitic carbon matrix. The catalyst surface consists of Fe3+ and Ti4+ as the metal species, with V, Mn, and Zr being the main impurities. According to DRS spectra, the synthesized composites absorb light in the visible region efficiently. Fabricated composites effectively adsorb methylene blue via π-π interactions, with the absorption capacities ranging from 21.18 to 45.87 mg/g. They were effective in photodegrading methylene blue under sunlight, where the rate constants varied in the 0.003-0.007 min-1 range. Photogenerated electrons produced by photocatalysts captured by graphitic carbon produce O2 •- radicals, while holes generate OH radicals, which effectively degrade methylene blue molecules. TiO2-Fe3C-Fe-Fe3O4/graphitic carbon composites inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (69%) and Staphylococcus aureus (92%) under visible light. Synthesized novel composites using natural materials comprise an ecofriendly, cost-effective solution to remove dyes, and they were effective in inhibiting the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
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