Temperature Variation of the Piezoelectric Constant of Quartz

The variation of the piezoelectric constant d11 of quartz has been measured from 22°C to near the transition temperature 573.3°C (highest recorded measurement, 565°C). The quartz was mounted on a metal anvil and its piezoelectric response was excited by dropping a steel ball onto the center of the quartz disk. At room temperature, a value of d11 was found to be −2.16×10−12 C/N with a standard deviation of 0.11×10−12. From 20°–200°C, the magnitude of d11 decreases linearly at −4.5% per hundred degrees, in close agreement with the behavior observed by Langevin. Above 200°C, the value decreases sharply, following a smooth curve and reaching zero in the near vicinity of 573.3°C.