Porphyromonas gingivalis(P. gingivalis),a momentous member of red complex,is recognized as one of the major pathogenic bacteria. Virulence factors of P. gingivalis and the interaction of P. gingivalis with human gingival epithelial cells play crucial roles in the process of periodontal tissue destruction. In this paper,we will review the effect of P. gingivalis and its change in course of chronic periodontitis.