Image segmentation is a key and initial step of automa tic target partition. Its purpose is to separate target and background,and offer basis for follow-up handle of computer vision. An image segmentation m ethod based on the adaptability threshold and genetic algorithms (GA) is present ed. It applies the segmentation quality criteria to different districts in i mage and formulates the segmentation problem as independent optimization of many districts. The GA efficiently searches the segmentation parameter space and the goal of this method is to obtain the optimal image segmentation threshold f or segmentation quality. Experiment shows that using this method it will obt ain satisfied effect for image segmentation.