Towards a data science platform for improving SME collaboration through Industry 4.0 technologies

• A roadmap is proposed to adopt of I4.0 technologies by SMEs. • An I4.0 standardization structure is developed to sustain trust for SMEs. • A data science platform is provided to help SMEs in utilizing big data. • A real-life application on the case of an SME in Greece shows the practical implications. Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is about realizing digital transformation by linking machines to plants, fleets, and humans through sensors and control elements in order to create smart networks, smart factories, smart manufacturing, and smart value chains. By leveraging I4.0 technologies, a small and medium enterprise (SME) can increase its organizational agility, adaptability, and resilience to cope with today's competitive environment by becoming a valuable and innovative partner in the power dynamics with its large buyer counterparts. However, SMEs face technology, trust, and big data challenges when they adopt I4.0 technologies. This study provides new solutions for SMEs to overcome these three challenges in implementing I4.0. Specifically, the paper proposes the following: (1) a roadmap for the application of I4.0 technologies to enhance the collaboration capabilities of SMEs; (2) a structure for I4.0 standardization to develop and sustain trust among partners; and (3) an improved data science platform for systematizing big data to extract critical information for collaboration solutions for SMEs. Additionally, the solutions are evaluated based on an application case of a Greek SME, demonstrating their potentials for practical implementation.