匹罗卡品
癫痫持续状态
神经科学
光遗传学
啮齿动物
神经炎症
颞叶
癫痫
昼夜节律
近颞叶癫痫
红藻氨酸
心理学
生物
癫痫发生
啮齿动物模型
医学
内科学
谷氨酸受体
受体
炎症
生态学
作者
Maxime Lévesque,Giuseppe Biagini,Marco de Curtis,Vadym Gnatkovsky,Julika Pitsch,Siyan Wang,Massimo Avoli
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.020
摘要
Fundamental work on the mechanisms leading to focal epileptic discharges in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) often rests on the use of rodent models in which an initial status epilepticus (SE) is induced by kainic acid or pilocarpine. In 2008 we reviewed how, following systemic injection of pilocarpine, the main subsequent events are the initial SE, the latent period, and the chronic epileptic state. Up to a decade ago, rats were most often employed and they were frequently analysed only behaviorally. However, the use of transgenic mice has revealed novel information regarding this animal model. Here, we review recent findings showing the existence of specific neuronal events during both latent and chronic states, and how optogenetic activation of specific cell populations modulate spontaneous seizures. We also address neuronal damage induced by pilocarpine treatment, the role of neuroinflammation, and the influence of circadian and estrous cycles. Updating these findings leads us to propose that the rodent pilocarpine model continues to represent a valuable tool for identifying the basic pathophysiology of MTLE.
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