增强子
增强子rna
生物
表观遗传学
染色质
转录因子
基因表达调控
基因
基因表达
抄写(语言学)
细胞生物学
发起人
遗传学
计算生物学
语言学
哲学
作者
Je Yeong Ko,Seungmin Oh,Kyung Hyun Yoo
出处
期刊:PubMed
日期:2017-03-01
卷期号:40 (3): 169-177
被引量:44
标识
DOI:10.14348/molcells.2017.0033
摘要
Tissue-specific transcription is critical for normal development, and abnormalities causing undesirable gene expression may lead to diseases such as cancer. Such highly organized transcription is controlled by enhancers with specific DNA sequences recognized by transcription factors. Enhancers are associated with chromatin modifications that are distinct epigenetic features in a tissue-specific manner. Recently, super-enhancers comprising enhancer clusters co-occupied by lineage-specific factors have been identified in diverse cell types such as adipocytes, hair follicle stem cells, and mammary epithelial cells. In addition, noncoding RNAs, named eRNAs, are synthesized at super-enhancer regions before their target genes are transcribed. Many functional studies revealed that super-enhancers and eRNAs are essential for the regulation of tissue-specific gene expression. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning enhancer function in tissue-specific gene regulation and cancer development.
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