Low‐Temperature Deposited Amorphous Poly(aryl ether ketone) Hierarchically Porous Scaffolds with Strontium‐Doped Mineralized Coating for Bone Defect Repair

Abstract In recent years, the demand for clinical bone grafting has increased. As a new solution for orthopedic implants, polyether ether ketone (PEEK, crystalline PAEK) has excellent comprehensive performance and is practically applied in the clinic. In this research, a noteworthy elevated scheme to enhance the performance of PEEK scaffolds is presented. The amorphous aggregated poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) resin is prepared as the matrix material, which maintains high mechanical strength and can be processed through the solution. So, the tissue engineering scaffolds with multilevel pores can be printed by low‐temperature deposited manufacturing (LDM) to improve biologically inert scaffolds with smooth surfaces. Also, the feature of PAEK's solution processing is profitable to uniformly add the functional components for bone repair. Ultimately, A system of orthopedic implantable PAEK material based on intermolecular interactions, surface topology, and surface modification is established. The specific steps include synthesizing PAEK that contain polar carboxyl structures, preparing bioinks and fabricating scaffolds by LDM, preparation of scaffolds with strontium‐doped mineralized coatings, evaluation of their osteogenic properties in vitro and in vivo, and investigation on the effect and mechanism of scaffolds in promoting osteogenic differentiation. This work provides an upgraded system of PAEK implantable materials for clinical application.