Effects of racemic anisodamine in combination with orthokeratology and defocus incorporated multiple segment spectacle lenses for myopia control in adolescents

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical application of different myopia correction methods in the prevention and control of myopia in adolescents. A total of 145 myopic adolescents aged 8 to 15 years were included, and their eyes were divided into four groups based on the treatment modality: wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses alone (Group A), orthokeratology (OK) lenses alone (Group B), DIMS spectacle lenses combined with racemic anisodamine eye drops (Group C), and OK lenses combined with racemic anisodamine eye drops (Group D). The primary outcomes, including axial length and refractive error (expressed as spherical equivalent refraction, SER), were measured at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up. The clinical effects of each group were compared. The results showed significant differences in myopia progression across the groups, with Group D showing the least axial elongation. OK lenses were more effective than DIMS spectacle lenses in controlling myopia progression, and the combination of racemic anisodamine eye drops further enhanced the correction effect. This study provides important clinical evidence for myopia control interventions in adolescents.