Neuromodulation for Treatment of Tinnitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

As measured by the Tinnitus Handicap Index, our findings suggest the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation reach significant benefit in the short term, whereas repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reaches significant benefit in the long term. Based on the BDI, transcranial direct current stimulation significantly reduces comorbid depression in patients with tinnitus.