Strategies to improve performances of fluorescent biosensors based on smartphones: Sensitivity, high throughput, and smart detection

Versatile and low-cost smartphones can perform the whole analytical process of biological samples, including data collection, calculation, and result display, providing a reliable, affordable, rapid, and convenient platform for fluorescent biosensing, which has gradually become an important research direction of biosensing. This review summarizes strategies to improve the performances of smartphone-based fluorescent biosensors in the three aspects of sensitivity, throughput, and smart detection. Typical application examples are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are also pointed out by comparing different parameters. Based on the corresponding summary and analysis, the strategies and research direction for further improving the performance of fluorescence sensing detection platforms based on smartphone platforms are also proposed. It can be predicted that the strategies to improve the performance of smartphone-based fluorescent biosensors will broaden their application.