From Structure to Function of RNA Binding Domains

AbstractR NA binding proteins (RBPs) are involved in each step of RNA metabolism. Most of them are composed of small RNA binding domains (RBDs) that are needed for their recruitment to specific RNA targets. The mode of RNA recognition of these RBDs has been studied by structural biologists for more than 20 years and seems to be highly versatile. In this chapter we review the current structural knowledge about RNA recognition by the four main RBD families, namely RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), zinc fingers, KH domains and double‑stranded RNA binding motifs (dsRBMs) detailing how structural data have brought information essential for a better understanding of RBP functions. Introduction This book focuses on the extreme variety of functions carried by RNA binding proteins (RBPs). The association of RBPs with RNA transcripts begins during transcription. Some of these early‑binding RBPs remain bound to the RNA until they are degraded, whereas others recognize and transiently bind to RNA at later stages for specific processes such as splicing, processing, transport and localization.