Preoperative MR imaging for predicting early recurrence of solitary hepatocellular carcinoma without microvascular invasion

Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to identify preoperative MR imaging features for predicting early recurrence after curative resection of solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without microvascular invasion (MVI).

Methods

124 patients with MVI-negative HCC who underwent preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced 1.5-T MR imaging before surgical resection were included. Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS v2018) imaging features and three non-LI-RADS MR imaging features for predicting early recurrence (intrahepatic recurrence<2 years) were identified by univariable and multivariable analyses. A nomogram was constructed for individualized risk estimation, and its predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were identified by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve.

Results

In multivariable analysis, tumor size (p = 0.045), nonsmooth tumor margin (p = 0.013), and presence of mosaic architecture (p = 0.035) were independent significant variables associated with early recurrence. These were all incorporated to establish the nomogram. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.743 (95 % CI: 0.697−0.788).

Conclusion

At dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging, tumor size, nonsmooth tumor margin, and presence of mosaic architecture may be helpful to predict early recurrence of solitary HCC without MVI after curative resection.