What Role for Radical Cystectomy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer?

In the U.S., radical cystectomy has long been considered the standard of care for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. However, radical cystectomy (with or without the creation of an orthotopic diversion) is a complex surgical procedure requiring intensive perioperative support services, and most patients with muscle-invasive disease are older than 70. During the past 2 decades, patients treated at academic centers have …