材料科学
表面改性
聚氨酯
单宁酸
静电纺丝
纳米纤维
润湿
膜
聚合物
环境友好型
溶剂
复合材料
高分子化学
化学工程
有机化学
化学
工程类
生物
生物化学
生态学
作者
Andrea Dodero,Maila Castellano,Silvia Vicini,Anne Hébraud,Emeline Lobry,Jean‐Mario Nhut,Guy Schlatter
标识
DOI:10.1002/mame.202100823
摘要
Abstract Electrospinning is the leading process allowing the fabrication of polymeric nanofibrous membranes and mats. Unfortunately, it generally requires the solubilization of the polymer in a toxic solvent causing health and environmental issues during the production. Here, it is demonstrated that polyurethane (PU) fibrous membranes can be produced by electrospinning and then, moreover, functionalized using water as the only solvent for each processing step. Waterborne polyurethane in the form of a dispersion is firstly electrospun using poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as template polymer. After removing PEO via a washing cycle in water, the membranes show physico‐chemical properties influenced by the initial polymeric component ratio with greater mechanical performances and hydrophobicity observed at a higher PU amount. Aqueous solutions of bio‐based tannic acid (TA) are then employed to modify the surface properties of the membranes. The high amount of galloyl units per TA molecule allows its efficient anchoring on the fiber surface through supramolecular hydrogen bonding. By varying the TA amount and the order of washing cycle, the wettability can be tuned expanding the application range of the membranes. Finally, their efficient electrospinning at high flow‐rate using a home‐made needleless emitter paves the way for industrial production via full environmentally green processing.
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