3D Bioprinting techniques

This chapter deals with the vast landscape of 3D bioprinting techniques. Since they seek to replicate the structure and function of native tissues (a daunting task), new techniques are being developed continually and old ones are being refined. Describing all of them is beyond the scope of this chapter. Rather, the most successful strategies are discussed in detail, grouped in four large families: extrusion-based, droplet-based, light-based, and spheroid-based bioprinting. Besides the working principles of several instruments in current use, the text also covers material science research that fuels the progress of 3D bioprinting. Furthermore, surprisingly fruitful connections between bioprinting and organoid research are also analyzed. A special focus is laid on recent developments and the outlook of this highly dynamic research field.