Buckling-inspired multilayer superhydrophobic surfaces with integrated photo/electro-thermal capabilities for ultra-low-temperature anti-icing and de-icing

. The ice droplet can easily slide off the surface after photo/electro-thermal deicing in ultralow-temperature environments at -40 °C to -70 °C. After photo/electro-thermal deicing, the surface maintained superhydrophobicity and continuous anti/deicing effects. This research provides a new approach for the design and fabrication of photo/electro-thermal superhydrophobic surfaces, which are conducive to achieving efficient passive anti-icing and active deicing in practical applications.