Supramolecular Heterostructures for Synergistic Biofilm Ablation and Bone Regeneration

ABSTRACT The treatment of osteomyelitis, a deep‐tissue bacterial infection, remains challenging due to antibiotic resistance and impaired bone regeneration. Herein, the authors report a near‐infrared (NIR)‐photoresponsive nitric oxide (NO) nanotherapeutic platform (RSNO‐VP/Ti 3 C 2 ) constructed from a violet phosphorus (VP)/Ti 3 C 2 van der Waals heterostructure and an S‐nitrosothiol (RSNO) NO donor. This platform utilizes the photothermal effect of the heterostructure under 808 nm NIR irradiation to precisely trigger and control NO release from RSNO, enabling a synergistic mild photothermal and NO gas therapy. The RSNO‐VP/Ti 3 C 2 composite demonstrates potent antibacterial efficacy against both Staphylococcus aureus (99.51%) and Escherichia coli (96.11%), effectively eradicates biofilms, and exhibits enhanced environmental stability (degradation time constant τ = 19.31 days). Its biocompatible degradation products, phosphate ions and nano‐TiO 2 , support osteogenic differentiation. In a murine osteomyelitis model, NIR‐triggered RSNO‐VP/Ti 3 C 2 treatment effectively clears bacteria, alleviates inflammation, and promotes significant bone repair. This work presents a promising non‐antibiotic strategy for comprehensive osteomyelitis therapy.