Pinhole camera imaging of x rays and energetic neutral atoms for hot plasma diagnostics

A compact pinhole camera is found to be useful for observation of a spatial distribution of hot ions by imaging energetic charge-exchange neutral atoms. One can obtain images of neutral atoms and of x rays in the same geometry only by selecting filtering foils at the pinhole opening of a single camera. Easy comparison between the images associated with distributions of ions and electrons is quite beneficial for physical analyses of plasmas. The imaging technique is expected also to be useful to determine space–time-resolved energy spectra of hot ions.