亚马逊雨林
生物多样性
雨林
生态系统
农林复合经营
系统发育多样性
热带雨林
生态学
β多样性
生物
均质化(气候)
生态系统服务
农业
热带
地理
系统发育树
基因
生物化学
作者
Jorge L. M. Rodrigues,Vivian H. Pellizari,Rebecca Mueller,Kwang Hyun Baek,Ederson da Conceição Jesus,Fabiana S. Paula,Babur S. Mirza,George S. Hamaoui,Siu Mui Tsai,Brigitte Josefine Feigl,James M. Tiedje,Brendan J. M. Bohannan,Klaus Nüsslein
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1220608110
摘要
The Amazon rainforest is the Earth's largest reservoir of plant and animal diversity, and it has been subjected to especially high rates of land use change, primarily to cattle pasture. This conversion has had a strongly negative effect on biological diversity, reducing the number of plant and animal species and homogenizing communities. We report here that microbial biodiversity also responds strongly to conversion of the Amazon rainforest, but in a manner different from plants and animals. Local taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of soil bacteria increases after conversion, but communities become more similar across space. This homogenization is driven by the loss of forest soil bacteria with restricted ranges (endemics) and results in a net loss of diversity. This study shows homogenization of microbial communities in response to human activities. Given that soil microbes represent the majority of biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems and are intimately involved in ecosystem functions, we argue that microbial biodiversity loss should be taken into account when assessing the impact of land use change in tropical forests.
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