Friction material composite: types of brake friction material formulations and effects of various ingredients on brake performance–a review

The brake friction material has seen a vast development in the last decades. These developments were mainly to increase the brake effectiveness and reduce the environmental pollution caused by hazardous materials in the brake pad. Since the brake pad formulation is an art rather than science, hence it is necessary to understand the types of brake friction material formulations and the effect of various materials that need to be used in the formulation. This review is an attempt to gather the lagging knowledge on basic types of brake pad formulation to provide a basic understanding over them and to knowledge the young researchers about the effect of various ingredients used in the dry friction brake pads. The first part of this review article provides the basics of brake pads and an overview of different types of brake pads formulation and the second part provides the overview of the impact of various ingredients on Tribological properties.