Inhibition effects of Pb species on the V2O5-MoO3/TiO2 catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3: A DFT supported experimental study

Abstract Lead (Pb) species are inescapable constituents of the flue gas from coal-fired power plants and other thermal devices, which can cause impeding effects on the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reactions. Here, the poisoning effects of Pb on the V2O5-MoO3/TiO2 type SCR catalyst were examined. The poisoned catalysts were prepared by the solid diffusion and incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) methods. The catalytic activity tests indicated that the Pb-doped catalyst prepared by the IWI method suffered a considerable drop in catalytic activity, while a slender influence was observed on the Pb-loaded catalysts prepared by solid diffusion method. Comprehensive characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on the fresh and poisoned catalysts prepared by the IWI method to unveil the deactivation mechanism. The results showed that Pb species covered the active sites (V species) on the catalyst surface, resulted in the decrease in chemisorbed oxygen, hence reducing the surface acidities. The decrease in reducibility of the catalyst was an important factor for poisoning of the catalyst. Moreover, Pb species reacted with MoO3 to form PbMoO4 which agglomerated on the catalyst surface to further deactivate the catalyst.