纳米花
阳极
化学工程
钠离子电池
煅烧
材料科学
电化学
X射线光电子能谱
氧化还原
拉曼光谱
电解质
过渡金属
电极
阴极
钠
热液循环
纳米技术
纳米棒
法拉第效率
储能
电流密度
电池(电)
作者
Yajuan Zhang,Jinliang Li,Liang Ma,Haibo Li,Xingtao Xu,Xinjuan Liu,Ting Lu,Likun Pan
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2021.130936
摘要
Abstract Over the past years, transition metal sulfides, with remarkable redox reversibility, favorable electrical conductivity and superb theoretical capacity, have received considerable attention on the development of electrode materials that are capable of efficient and reversible storage of sodium ions. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) nanoflower-like V3S4 was applied into sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as anode, which was successfully synthesized via a facile solvothermal process with post-calcination treatment. The electrochemical measurements demonstrate that the as-prepared V3S4 delivers a high reversible capacity of 499 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1. Furthermore, even at a high current density of 5 A g−1, the V3S4 also exhibits an outstanding specific capacity of 299 mAh g−1 and a capacity retention rate of 58% compared with the capacity at 0.1 A g−1, which are superior to those of most vanadium sulfides for SIBs reported previously. Remarkably, the ultrahigh sodium-ion storage performance of V3S4 should be ascribed to the unique nanoflower-like structure assembled by ultrathin nanosheets, which not only provides a large specific surface area, but also offers an adequate cushion to suppress the volume expansion during the sodiation-desodiation processes. More importantly, operando Raman spectra, ex-situ X-ray diffraction and ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to demonstrate the evolution of the structure and chemical valence of V3S4, revealing that the high capacity of V3S4 results from the cooperation of Na+ intercalation and conversion reaction. The findings of this study provide a better understanding on the sodium storage mechanism of V3S4.
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