Water droplet impact dynamics comparison on solid and hollow square micropillared substrates

物理 聚二甲基硅氧烷 消散 平方(代数) 光刻 固体表面 平版印刷术 机械 软光刻 毛细管作用 化学物理 复合材料 纳米技术 光学 制作 热力学 材料科学 数学 几何学 医学 替代医学 病理
作者
Mukesh Yadav,Nagesh D. Patil
出处
期刊:Physics of Fluids [American Institute of Physics]
卷期号:36 (3) 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1063/5.0191814
摘要

We experimentally investigate microliter-sized water droplet impact on solid and hollow square micropillared polydimethylsiloxane substrates. Micropillared substrates with different values of pitch (34, 47, and 62 μm) and hole sizes (0, 3, 6, and 10 μm) of pillars are fabricated using soft lithography following direct laser writer maskless photolithography. We observe that hollow micropillared substrates exhibit increased hydrophobicity as compared to the solid micropillared substrates. Interestingly, we find that hydrophobicity is further enhanced as the hole size is increased. To understand the impact dynamics, we perform high-speed visualization to acquire the transient evolution of the impacting droplets. Based on the impact velocity (0.22–0.62 m/s), pitch, and hole size, we identify various regimes, namely, non-bouncing, partial bouncing, and complete bouncing. At a given impact velocity and pitch value, non-bouncing and bouncing regimes are observed for solid and hollow micropillared substrates, respectively. We find that the hollow micropillared substrate exhibits higher values for capillary pressure, impalement pressure, and the energy barrier associated with the Cassie–Baxter to Wenzel transition toward the impacting droplets. This is due to a decrease in the solid fraction owing to the incorporation of circular holes in pillars. The analysis shows the energy loss due to viscous dissipation decreases with an increase in hole size, which enhances the bouncing fate possibility. The fundamental insights gained from this study can be effectively leveraged by modulating the surface morphology to realize the desired droplet impact characteristics for various potential applications such as self-cleaning and energy harvesting.
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