An intelligent tracking system for surgical instruments in complex surgical environment

In recent years, the problem of visual occlusion in optical surgical tracking system has attracted widespread attention. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a tracking system for surgical instruments based on data fusion of multicamera modules. Multicamera modules are used to track surgical instruments from different angles to solve the problem of tracking occlusion in monocular tracking. Firstly, occlusion of monocular tracking based on different fiducial marker is analyzed, and a fast calibration method of tracking system for surgical instrument based on multicamera module is proposed. The calibration of the tracking system is mainly divided into the calibration of surgical instruments and the fast calibration between multicamera modules. On this basis, the occlusion detection mechanism is proposed to screen out the data with large errors, and the fuzzy control theory is used to calculate the support degree between different modules. Finally, the serviceable data is fused based on the least square method and the position of surgical instruments is estimated. The average accuracy of static positioning and dynamic trajectory tracking is mm and mm respectively. The real-time performance of the proposed system is 35 frames per second (fps). Compared with the existing optical tracking system, the method proposed in this paper has stronger anti-occlusion and simpler operation.