Anti-bioadhesion on hierarchically structured, superhydrophobic surfaces

We prepared hierarchically structured, superhydrophobic surfaces, with single-, dual-, and triple-scale roughness, via a layer-by-layer (LbL) particle deposition approach. The dual-/triple-scale structured, superhydrophobic surfaces exhibited significantly reduced protein adsorption (up to a 90% decrease). Furthermore, platelet adhesion and activation was completely suppressed on the triple-scale structured surface.