Transapical myectomy for severe mid-ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy:

An 83-year-old woman with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was referred with progressive exertional dyspnoea. She had marked apical and mid-ventricular hypertrophy with mid-ventricular obstruction and a small apical aneurysm ( Panels A1–3 , Supplementary material online, Video S1 ). Doppler echocardiography through the left ventricle ( Panel B1 ) identified an early peak systolic gradient of 36 mmHg ( Panel B1 …