High-strength, multi-mode processable bamboo molecular bioplastic enabled by solvent-shaping regulation

The global reliance on petrochemical plastics has led to severe environmental crises, necessitating sustainable alternatives that combine high performance with circularity. While bioplastics derived from biomass show promise, their widespread adoption is hindered by inferior mechanical properties, limited processability, and reliance on food-competing feedstocks. Here, we present a molecular engineering strategy to fabricate high-strength bamboo molecular plastics (BM-plastics) through a solvent-regulated shaping process. By employing deep eutectic solvents to disassemble bamboo cellulose’s hydrogen-bond network and ethanol-mediated molecular stimulation to reconstruct dense hydrogen-bond interactions, we achieve a bioplastic with exceptional mechanical strength (tensile strength: 110 MPa, flexural modulus: 6.41 GPa), thermal stability (>180 °C), and versatile processability via injection, molding, and machining techniques. The BM-plastic outperforms most commercial plastics and bioplastics in mechanical and thermo-mechanical metrics while maintaining full biodegradability in soil within 50 days and closed-loop recyclability with 90% retained strength. Techno-economic analysis confirms its cost competitiveness, bridging the gap between sustainability and industrial scalability. This work establishes a method for transforming abundant bamboo cellulose into high-performance, eco-friendly materials, offering a viable pathway to mitigate plastic pollution and fossil resource dependence. Bioplastics derived from biomass show promise as sustainable alternatives to petrochemical plastics, but their adoption is hindered by their inferior mechanical properties and processability. Here, the authors report a deep eutectic solvent treatment process which yields bamboo plastics with high mechanical properties and processability.