Advances in the Synthesis and Therapeutic Exploration of Pyrazole/Pyrazoline-Bearing Benzimidazoles: Searching for New Lead Compounds

Abstract: This comprehensive review outlines the multifaceted applications of pyrazolines and benzimidazoles, encompassing their discovery, synthetic methodologies, patent landscape, and clinical trial outcomes, with a focus on pyrazoline-benzimidazole or pyrazole-benzimidazole derivatives. This review highlights the synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrazoline-bearing benzimidazoles obtained through the reaction of benzimidazoles with substituted pyrazolines/pyrazoles. The synthesized compounds demonstrated a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antimicrobial, antibacterial, antitubercular, antimalarial, anthelmintic, antiproliferative, anticancer, antinociceptive, antihistaminic, antiulcer, etc. Research on pyrazoline and benzimidazole derivatives constitutes a dynamic field, expanding the research domain within pharmaceutical chemistry and offering potential therapeutic solutions for various diseases.