Hydroxyurea for Ugandan Children with Sickle Cell Anemia

To the Editor: Ware et al. (May 28 issue) 1 report long-term stroke-related and other clinical benefits of hydroxyurea therapy in children with sickle cell anemia in Uganda. Despite different genetics and environmental stressors, these long-term treatment outcomes paralleled those reported in high-resource regions. 2 However, data from large pediatric trials with hydroxyurea-associated neurocognitive outcomes in children with sickle cell anemia in countries of high or limited resources had previously been lacking. Beyond the disease-modifying effects documented by Ware et al., our separate trial of hydroxyurea in 264 Ugandan children with sickle cell anemia (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04750707 ; supported by the Eunice Kennedy . . .