Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel liposome regimen on non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)compared with traditional paclitaxel plus cisplatin(DDP)in patients.Methods Seventy-two NSCLC patients were randomized into a test group,given paclitaxel liposome 135mg/m2 plus DDP 25mg/m2,and a control group,given paclitaxel 135mg/m2 plus DDP 25mg/m2.The two groups received these regiments for 2 cycles.Results The overall response rates were 41.7% vs.38.9%,and the disease control rates were 77.7% vs.72.2% in the test group and control group(P0.05).The rates of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were not significantly different in the test group and control group whereas more patients in the control group than in the test group suffered from nausea and vomiting,erythra,courbature(P0.05),and the rates of lipsotrichia diarrhoea and dyspnea were similar between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Paclitaxel liposome combined with DDP is an effective treatment regimen with lower incidence of side effects,compared with paclitaxel plus DDP.