Polycarbonate is one of the most widely-used engineering plastics with promising future.The technical progress on the synthesis of polycarbonate by melt transesterification was critically reviewed.Two different reaction kinetics on prepolymerization of polycarbonate were introduced.The factors including heat transfer and mass transfer affecting the polymerization were described and the trends of future development were pointed out.Better understanding of the research progress is helpful in designing the preparation methods of polycarbonate with improved performance.