Protein- and polysaccharide-based particles used for Pickering emulsion stabilisation

A few protein- and polysaccharide-based particles can function as effective stabilisers in multi-phase food systems. Combining both polymer-based particles and tailoring the wettability of colloidal systems result in particle-stabilised emulsions with great stability. High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) have also been produced using such particles giving rise to a more stable, highly viscous structure. Thus, the purpose here is to review the advantages and disadvantages of using protein, polysaccharide and protein-polysaccharide complexes and conjugates for stabilising emulsions, highlighting the composites of amphiphilic protein-polysaccharide particles that can function as outstanding copolymer stabilising agents. The current challenges and emerging research trends are exploring renewable, sustainable, clean-label, and eco-friendly biopolymer particles that are effective as Pickering stabilisers.