In this study, we examine factor analysis as a multivariate statistical tool, starting from the origin of factor analysis with regards to Spearman’s approach of 1904 to the three phases of factor analysis. This is done with a view of determining the similarities and individual contributions of each of the three phases of factor analysis. This was achieved by examining the algorithms used in parameter estimations of the three phases of factor analysis. By inputting data into the algorithms and examining their outcomes and proffering recommendations based on the respective findings. Keywords: generalized linear models, factor analysis, EM algorithm, generalized linear latent variable models DOI: 10.7176/MTM/11-3-01 Publication date: May 31 st 2021