Abnormally autofocusing vortex Swallowtail Gaussian vector beam with low spatial coherence

Abstract The precondition for the application of light beams is the ability to devise light distribution with high precision. Controlling more dimensions for structured light fields is an effective method to improve the ability to devise light distribution. The Swallowtail beam, due to its rich regulatory parameters, provides the possibility to design a light field with a specific intensity distribution. Utilizing the Swallowtail beam as a foundation, we design its initial phase, polarization, and coherent structure, and propose a partially coherent azimuthally polarized circular vortex Swallowtail Gaussian beam (PCAPCVSGB) in our paper. This beam exhibits an abnormal self-focusing ability and forms an easily adjustable optical potential well at the focal plane, providing another effective tool for achieving optical manipulation. In addition, the PCAPCVSGB also shows an interesting vector property. It possesses a stable polarization singularity even with changes in coherence and topological charges, which exhibits a potential application value in optical communication.