可再生能源
化石燃料
环境经济学
发电
能源管理
电
能源工程
能量转换
分布式发电
工程类
计算机科学
能量(信号处理)
经济
废物管理
功率(物理)
电气工程
物理
数学
病理
灵丹妙药
替代医学
统计
医学
量子力学
作者
E.L.V. Eriksson,Evan Gray
出处
期刊:Applied Energy
[Elsevier]
日期:2017-09-01
卷期号:202: 348-364
被引量:284
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.03.132
摘要
Electricity generation presents the biggest opportunity to lower CO2 emissions and it is foreseen that hydrogen energy technology will play an important role in realising the scenario to cap global warming at 2 °C through replacement of fossil fuels with renewables. The transition to electric power for transport in battery- and fuel-cell-electric vehicles will further increase the need for low-carbon electricity generation. For a successful transition to a renewable energy economy the traditional approach of designing energy systems to meet only goals related to the technology (capacity, availability, reliability) and economics (return on investment, cost to the consumer) must evolve to take on a more holistic viewpoint and be able to take into account other goals addressing environmental and social considerations. This paper reviews approaches for integrating hydrogen energy technology into hybrid energy systems, emphasising electricity generation using a hydrogen fuel cell. Integration of energy storage, sizing methodologies, energy flow management and their associated optimization algorithms and software implementation are addressed. Few published case studies go beyond technical considerations. This reality is discussed in the light of available software packages. A four-dimensional multi-objective meta-heuristic function is proposed with weighting of technical, economic, environmental and socio-political factors to suit the design goals for the energy system.
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