One‐pot synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridine derivatives using the Fe2ZnAl2O7 catalyzed Hantzsch three‐component reaction

Abstract A facile, low‐cost, and effective one‐pot method was developed for the synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridine derivatives with high yields through the three‐component reaction of ammonium acetate, ethyl acetoacetate, and aromatic aldehydes using Fe 2 ZnAl 2 O 7 as catalyst. The reaction was conducted at 70–80°C temperature under solvent free conditions. The developed method had some great advantages, including safe and clean reaction conditions, high to excellent product yields, short reaction time, and a novel and powerful heterogeneous catalyst. The developed heterogeneous solid catalyst had high efficiency and reusability in one‐pot multi‐component syntheses such that it was easily reused four to five times without significant loss in efficiency and product yield. The catalyst was characterized by scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X‐ray diffraction techniques. N2 sorption isotherms of the prepared nanocomposite exhibited surface area 2.1313E+01 m 2 /g and total pore volume of 3.0957E‐02 cm 3 /g. Substituted dihydropyridine derivatives were characterized and confirmed using 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR, and elemental spectral data.