Could FiLaC™ be effective in the treatment of anal fistulas? A systematic review of observational studies and proportional meta‐analysis

Abstract Aim Fistula Laser Closure (FiLaC™) is a novel sphincter‐preserving technique that is based on new technologies and shows promising results in repairing anal fistulas whilst maintaining external sphincter function. The aim of the present meta‐analysis is to present the efficacy and the safety of FiLaC™ in the management of anal fistula disease. Method The present proportional meta‐analysis was designed using the PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, clinicaltrials.gov, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRAL and Google Scholar databases from inception until November 2019. Results Overall, eight studies were included that recruited 476 patients. The pooled success rate of the technique was 63% (95% CI 50%–75%). The pooled complication rate was 8% (95% CI 1%–18%). Sixty‐six per cent of patients had a transsphincteric fistula and 60% had undergone a previous surgical intervention, mainly the insertion of a seton (54%). The majority had a cryptoglandular fistula. Operation time and follow‐up period were described for each study. Conclusion FiLaC™ seems to be an efficient therapeutic option for perianal fistula disease with an adequate level of safety that preserves quality of life. Nevertheless, randomized trials need to be designed to compare FiLaC™ with other procedures for the management of anal fistulas such as ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract, anal advancement flaps, fibrin glue, collagen paste, autologous adipose tissue, fistula plug and video‐assisted anal fistula treatment.