石墨烯
电
氧化物
蒸发
材料科学
发电
环境科学
化学工程
电压
纳米技术
可再生能源
功率(物理)
电气工程
量子力学
热力学
物理
工程类
冶金
作者
Guang Zhang,Zhihui Duan,Xin Qi,Yan‐Tong Xu,Long Li,Weigang Ma,Hui Zhang,Changhong Liu,Wei Yao
出处
期刊:Carbon
[Elsevier]
日期:2019-07-01
卷期号:148: 1-8
被引量:108
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2019.03.041
摘要
Due to increasing global energy demands, environmental pollution, and the rapid development of self-powered devices, converting ubiquitous environmental energy to usable energy, e.g., electricity is attracting increasing interests worldwide. Herein, a type of porous graphene oxide (GO) sponges is fabricated using the freeze-drying method. Then an annealing treatment and UV + O3 oxidation are carried out to achieve partially reduced GO (rGO) sponges. We find that these rGO sponges can convert environmental energy to electricity via the natural evaporation of water. The generated open-circuit voltages are measured to be as high as about 0.63 V over a single piece of rGO sponges. The maximum output power and output power density are calculated to be approximately 17.30 μW and 1.74 μW cm−2, respectively. We suggest that streaming potentials, which arise from water molecule-graphene interactions, should be the underlying mechanism of water-evaporation-induced electricity generation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ambient temperatures, airflow velocities, and evaporation-areas all can seriously influence the electricity generation. Moreover, the water-evaporation-induced voltage can be easily scaled up to as high as about 2.34 V by connecting multiple samples in series. Therefore, our work supplies a potential method of converting ubiquitous environmental energy to electricity.
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