This paper made a detailed analysis of the objective factors that influencing our country's steel prices,and built a prediction model of steel prices based on BP neural network.After that,the weights of BP neural network were optimized by Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm.Then programmed in MATLAB language and obtained a result of the prediction by using data from 1990-2008.The results show that the predicted values are good agreement with the true values,and the established neural network model has a accurate precision in prediction.