Energy-Aware Real-Time Routing for Large-Scale Industrial Internet of Things

This paper proposes a routing scheme that enhances energy consumption and end-to-end delay for large-scale Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems based on IEEE 802.15.4a MAC. In the current IIoT, a larger-scale and complex deployment has been a noticeable obstacle for minimizing power consumption and routing on real-time. Thus, the proposed algorithm is targeted at large-scale systems where data are aggregated through different clusters on their way to the sink. Moreover, a hierarchical system framework is employed to promote scalability of IIoT elements. By estimating the residual energy and hop counts for each path, the data can be forwarded to the destination through the optimal path. Simulation results show that the scheme can reduce the energy consumption and end-to-end delay effectively.