Efficacy and Mechanism of Highly Active Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Osteoporosis in Rats

HA-UCMSCs have a stronger therapeutic effect on osteoporosis compared with that of UCMSCs. These effects include an improved bone structure, increased BMD, an increased number and perimeter of trabeculae, and enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs via activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway and inhibition of inflammation.