Recent advances in electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensor for the detection of glucose in tears and saliva: A Review

Biosensors have been extensively investigated and used in a wide range of applications, from environmental monitoring to clinical diagnostics. Glucose biosensors have gained popularity and application because glucose sensing is critical for diabetes diagnosis. However, traditional methods for diabetes monitoring are unpleasant, expensive, and invasive. To address this issue, non-enzymatic glucose sensors have been developed for tear and saliva-based detection. In this review, we comprehensively cover the recent advances in these sensors and explain the principles and mechanisms of electrochemical glucose detection. We also talk about the recent development of metal alloy-based materials that work well as electrochemical glucose sensors. These materials have pore channels that can be changed, a large specific surface area, and metallic active sites that are spread out. Furthermore, we discuss the promising potential of metal alloy-based materials as efficient electrochemical glucose sensors. These materials have tuneable pore channels, a large specific surface area, and well-dispersed metallic active sites, which can enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of glucose detection.