A comprehensive review on dust removal using electrodynamic shield: Mechanism, influencing factors, performance, and progress

Dust accumulation on the surface of solar harvesting devices can significantly reduce energy yield. Electrodynamic Shield (EDS) technology can remove dust via an electric field generated on the top layer of the solar harvesting devices. This technology does not require the use of water and can operate with a fraction of the power generated by the solar harvesting devices. The electric field is generated by applying a voltage across electrodes deposited on the surface of the solar harvesting devices. Extensive research is being carried out to: (1) Identify and characterize important parameters and their effect on the cleaning efficiency of the EDS, (2) improve the optical transmission and conductive properties of the electrodes, and (3) develop scalable electrode coatings. This review paper discusses the current state of research on EDS technology, mechanisms of dust removal, parameters that determine cleaning efficiency, and recent advances in the application of EDS for both space and terrestrial applications. The literature on the impact of electrode geometry is less than adequately needed to understand its effects on cleaning efficiency. The independent role of frequency and waveshape applied to an EDS remains an open research question. The main challenges that need to be addressed before this technology can be successfully implemented on a large scale include: (1) increasing the efficiency of fine dust particle removal while optimizing for power consumption, (2) further experimental validation of theoretical models built to calculate cleaning efficiency for simulated EDS, and (3) exploring new materials to manufacture electrodes at scale.