Research on the behavior of molten pool in laser deep-penetration welding

This paper mainly studies the behavior of the laser deep-penetration welding melt pool. A laser deep-penetration welding melt pool model under adaptive combined heat sources was established using numerical simulation software. This model can automatically find the keyhole radius and keyhole bottom during the welding process so that all the heat source energy acts on the keyhole wall. The results show that deep and narrow keyholes are more prone to bubble formation; the free surface descends, and the melt pool flow velocity slows down as the keyhole becomes shallower, eventually resulting in a wavy weld seam; once a hump forms on the keyhole wall, there is a spontaneous tendency for the keyhole to close under the action of forces in the melt pool.