Coot bird optimization algorithm for the temperature control of continuous stirred tank reactor process

The demand for novel and innovative control techniques has increased due to complexity in the process control industries which expect better control with enhanced performance. The optimization of proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller parameters plays a significant role in the petrochemical and biochemical industries. In all these industries, controlling of continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) is highly deployed whose dynamic characteristics are non-linear and difficult to control as there is a risk of its temperature deviating from the set point. To have an efficient control, a metaheuristic optimization technique-based PID, fractional-order PID controller (FOPID) control evolved using the behaviour of a swarm of birds named coot bird optimization algorithm (CBOA) has been highlighted in this paper. The tuning has been done using the weighted combination of fitness functions, specifically the overshoot (Os) and the settling time ( T s ) $$ {T}_s\Big) $$ . The simulated results demonstrate the improvement of the time domain response parameters of CBOA tuned PID, FOPID controllers providing an optimum performance when compared to other optimization algorithms and a conventional controller.