Layered double hydroxides( LDHs) are a class of layered-column compounds consisted by hydroxides of positively charged and exchanged anions in the layers. The application of LDHs on the field of water treatment has drawn widespread concern,recently. Synthetic methods of LDHs and the application of LDHs on the treatment of anions in waste water were reviewed in this paper,and then development direction of LDHs was looking forward.