Magnesium phosphate cement has many advantages than Poland cement. MgO,phosphate,retarder of magnesium phosphate cement and fly ash produced great influence on the performance of all aspects of magnesium phosphate cement. The paper summarized the influence of MgO,phosphate,retarder and fly ash on the properties of magnesium phosphate cement and volume shrinkage research status. Based on the above analysis,the practical engineering and research of magnesium phosphate cement was analyzed,and the obstacles and the future development of magnesium phosphate cement were discussed.