Multicolor Electrochromic Dye-Doped Liquid Crystal Yolk–Shell Microcapsules

A new system of yolk–shell microcapsules containing two types of dye-doped liquid crystals was prepared via seed emulsion polymerization in which the synthetic process was mimicking plant respiration. The resulting system demonstrated reversible low voltage-driven switching between multispectral colored and transparent states. Moreover, wearable multicolor electrochromic fibers based on calcium alginate were produced via wet spinning to expand the application of yolk–shell dye-doped liquid crystal microcapsules. In addition to its long-term optical stability, the proposed cells and fibers also have satisfactory driving voltage values of color change (4.8 and 9.0 V), which are far lower than the human body safety voltage (12 V). We believe that the prepared microcapsules and fibers are potentially widely applicable in smart windows, electronic paper, and military camouflage clothing.